tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2918475087448292262.post2269910679384546340..comments2024-03-23T18:57:41.646+01:00Comments on Flyktlinjer: Bruno Latour, om politik och vetenskap 6Eddyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15604918466067481109noreply@blogger.comBlogger2125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2918475087448292262.post-35837354407490928012018-03-17T19:12:31.684+01:002018-03-17T19:12:31.684+01:00Det finns lagar för dumhet:
Har du ngn e mail adr...Det finns lagar för dumhet:<br /><br />Har du ngn e mail adress som man kan skicka PDF file ?<br /><br />THE BASIC LAWS OF HUMAN STUPIDITY<br />by Carlo M. Cipolla<br />illustrations by James Donnelly<br />The first basic law of human stupidity asserts without ambiguity that:<br />Always and inevitably everyone underestimates the number of stupid<br />individuals in circulation.<br />At first, the<br />statement sounds<br />trivial, vague and<br />horribly ungenerous.<br />Closer scrutiny will<br />however reveal its<br />realistic veracity. No<br />matter how high are<br />one's estimates of<br />human stupidity, one<br />is repeatedly and<br />recurrently startled<br />by the fact that:<br />a) people whom one<br />had once judged rational and intelligent turn out to be unashamedly stupid.<br />b) day after day, with unceasing monotony, one is harassed in one's activities by<br />stupid individuals who appear suddenly and unexpectedly in the most<br />inconvenient places and at the most improbable moments.<br />The First Basic Law prevents me from attributing a specific numerical value to<br />the fraction of stupid people within the total population: any numerical estimate<br />would turn out to be an underestimate. Thus in the following pages I will denote<br />the fraction of stupid people within a population by the symbol å.<br />THE SECOND BASIC LAW<br />Cultural trends now<br />fashionable in the<br />West favour an<br />egalitarian approach<br />to life. People like to<br />think of human<br />beings as the output<br />of a perfectly<br />engineered mass<br />production machine.<br />Geneticists and<br />sociologists.<br />especially go out of<br />their way to prove, with an impressive apparatus of scientific data and<br />formulations that all men are naturally equal and if some are more equal than<br />others, this is attributable to nurture and not to nature. I take an exception to this<br />general view. It is my firm conviction, supported by years of observation and<br />experimentation, that men are not equal, that some are stupid and others are not,<br />and that the difference is determined by nature and not by cultural forces or<br />factors. One is stupid in the same way one is red-haired; one belongs to the<br />stupid set as one belongs to a blood group. A stupid man is born a stupid man by<br />an act of Providence. Although convinced that fraction of human beings are<br />stupid and that they are so because of genetic traits, I am not a reactionary trying<br />to reintroduce surreptitiously class or race discrimination. I firmly believe that<br />stupidity is an indiscriminate privilege of all human groups and is uniformly<br />distributed according to a constant proportion. This fact is scientifically<br />expressed by the Second Basic Law which states that<br />The probability that a certain person be stupid is independent of any other<br />characteristic of that person...förtsätterAlan Fordhttps://www.blogger.com/profile/18145656617531585004noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2918475087448292262.post-61307317804138270722018-03-17T17:03:35.038+01:002018-03-17T17:03:35.038+01:00
Jag kan bifoga andras erfarenheter av dumheten fö...<br />Jag kan bifoga andras erfarenheter av dumheten för att inte vara bätre än andra t.x följande<br /><br />Although he was in power for only a handful of years, Hitler and his Nazi government slaughtered<br />millions. One of the more well-known victims of that slaughter was Dietrich Bonhoeffer, who was<br />executed on April 8th, 1945, a few short weeks before Hitler’s own death.<br />Unlike many of Hitler’s victims, Bonhoeffer was not a Jew, but a Lutheran minister, scholar, and<br />theologian who boldly spoke against Hitler’s policies. Bonhoeffer landed a position in the German<br />government during WWII and subsequently used that position as cover for assassination attempts<br />against Hitler.<br />While awaiting execution, Bonhoeffer recorded a number of his thoughts in a work we now know<br />as Letters and Papers from Prison. One of these essays, entitled On Stupidity, records some of the<br />problems which Bonhoeffer likely saw at work in Hitler’s rise to power:<br />“Upon closer observation, it becomes apparent that every strong upsurge of power in the<br />public sphere, be it of a political or a religious nature, infects a large part of humankind<br />with stupidity. ... The power of the one needs the stupidity of the other. The process at<br />work here is not that particular human capacities, for instance, the intellect, suddenly<br />atrophy or fail. Instead, it seems that under the overwhelming impact of rising<br />power, humans are deprived of their inner independence and, more or less<br />consciously, give up establishing an autonomous position toward the emerging<br />circumstances. The fact that the stupid person is often stubborn must not blind us to the<br />fact that he is not independent. In conversation with him, one virtually feels that one<br />is dealing not at all with him as a person, but with slogans, catchwords, and the<br />like that have taken possession of him. He is under a spell, blinded, misused, and<br />abused in his very being. Having thus become a mindless tool, the stupid person will<br />also be capable of any evil and at the same time incapable of seeing that it is evil. This<br />is where the danger of diabolical misuse lurks, for it is this that can once and for all<br />destroy human beings.”<br />Americans today might do well to heed Bonhoeffer’s warning.Alan Fordhttps://www.blogger.com/profile/18145656617531585004noreply@blogger.com